CAP-I Nepal: Mercantile Law & Economics Deep Dive (Long Answers • Short Answers) | CAP-I Essentials — Mercantile Law & Economics with Hashtags and Student Summary

CAP-I Commercial Mathematics & Statistics — Long Questions & Answers

Q1) Present value of an immediate annuity vs an annuity-due. #Annuity #TimeValueOfMoney

Answer: For an immediate annuity (payments at end of each period): PV = P/i · {1 − (1+i)−n}. For an annuity-due (payments at beginning), multiply by (1+i): PV_due = PV_immediate × (1+i). ICAN problems repeatedly use these forms, including present value of equal installments and annuity-due rent. :contentReference[oaicite:19]{index=19} :contentReference[oaicite:20]{index=20}

#PV #FinanceMath #ICAN #CAP1

Q2) Compare Simple Interest and Compound Interest and compute their difference. #Interest

Answer: Use SI = PNR/100; for CI over N periods at rate R%, compute A = P(1+R/100)N and CI = A − P; the difference (CI − SI) grows with time. ICAN examples show a 3-year 5% case with explicit numbers and difference extraction. :contentReference[oaicite:21]{index=21} :contentReference[oaicite:22]{index=22}

#SimpleInterest #CompoundInterest #TVM #CAP1

Q3) Cost-of-Living / Consumer Price Index Numbers: methods and illustration. #IndexNumbers

Answer: Family Budget / Weighted Aggregate methods are standard in CAP-I; compute using base vs current period prices & quantities/expenditures. Past solutions illustrate average-expenditure method and cost of living comparisons across years. :contentReference[oaicite:23]{index=23} :contentReference[oaicite:24]{index=24}

#CPI #Laspeyres #Paasche #ICAN #CAP1

Q4) Correlation correction and regression line when data errors are found. #Correlation #Regression

Answer: When miscopied pairs are corrected, recompute ΣX, ΣY, ΣX², ΣY², ΣXY to obtain corrected r and then the regression of Y on X. Worked CAP-I steps show updating each sum, getting the corrected r, slope byx, the regression equation, and a Y-estimate at a given X. :contentReference[oaicite:25]{index=25}

#PearsonR #LeastSquares #ICAN #CAP1

Q5) Skewness using mean, median, mode & s.d.; interpret sign and magnitude. #Skewness

Answer: Karl Pearson’s coefficient: Sk = 3(Mean − Median)/s.d.. A small negative value indicates slight left skewness; ICAN solutions show numeric illustration and interpretation. :contentReference[oaicite:26]{index=26}

#KarlPearson #DistributionShape #ICAN #CAP1

Q6) Median / dispersion & consistency comparisons (worked patterns). #Median #Dispersion

Answer: Typical tasks include grouped median steps (locate class by cumulative frequency) or consistency by comparing variances/CVs across series (e.g., golfers or share prices). CAP-I samples show full working tables and CV comparison logic. :contentReference[oaicite:27]{index=27} :contentReference[oaicite:28]{index=28}

#GroupedData #CV #Consistency #ICAN #CAP1

Your Summary (Student Task) #Practice

Summarize: (i) PV formulas for immediate vs due annuity, (ii) SI vs CI difference, and (iii) one index-number method. 120–180 words.

#StudyNotes #CMS #ICAN #CAP1

Sources: ICAN CAP-I Suggested Answers (various sessions), cited inline.